These are challenging times for shippers. Driver, labor and truck shortages, port congestion, escalating freight and fuel costs, coupled with the lingering effects of Covid are making life difficult for shippers across the world. Here are a few coping strategies

1. Work in Partnership with Procurement to Create Alternate Sourcing Strategies for both Raw Materials and Transportation

Every day we read and see images in the media of containers sitting at ports, or offshore, waiting to dock at a port. We also read about embargoes and about carriers refusing to pick up or deliver to certain markets.

This is a time when Purchasing and Transportation must work together. It is no longer just a question of finding reliable sources of supply; it is also a question of whether goods can be picked up from or delivered to selected markets. Procurement and Transportation must communicate about alternate sources of supply, particularly about finding vendors in North America to mitigate supply chain bottlenecks and satisfy customer requirements.

Truck capacity remains tight during this peak season and this is expected to continue into 2021 as inventories are replenished. We are seeing all-time highs in the number of loads in the spot market. Despite the impact of Covid-19, capacity has been reduced by a decrease in the truck driver workforce that occurred during the pandemic. This resulted from some carriers going out of business, some selling excess equipment, an increase in insurance rates, and some drivers receiving sufficient income from COVID-related government aid to stay out of the workforce and/or refusing to work to prevent themselves from being infected.

Although many businesses slowed or paused their operations at the onset of the pandemic, there was an influx of shipments as North American markets began to reopen. It should also be noted that since freight transportation is deemed an essential service, cross-border shipping has remained open. While some sectors of the economy (i.e. travel, restaurants etc.) remain depressed, the surge in freight demand has continued as companies seek to return to their usual operations and recoup lost profits. U.S. Xpress (NYSE: USX) noted in a late-September publication that rate increases in 2021 needed to be in the 10%-plus range to recoup the impact of the last two negative bid cycles and two years’ worth of cost inflation.

As a result of this shortage of drivers and the high demand for freight transportation, carriers are being more selective with the allocation of their assets and are raising rates. This fall we are hearing of freight embargoes as certain carriers restrict the availability of their assets to their highest yielding customers and lanes.

There has also been tight capacity across intermodal rail. Due to the influx of freight that followed the initial downturn at the start of the pandemic, there has been a shortage of available equipment, including containers and chassis, at railroad terminals and ramps across all major metropolitan areas. The congestion from this abundance of freight has led to frequent delays ranging from 24-72 hours in key markets. There is also a shortage of draymen due to organizational restructuring at various drayage companies, including layoffs, furloughs, leave of absences, etc.

A couple of weeks ago I received a copy of a fascinating new book entitled The Future of Buildings, Transportation and Power, written by Roger Duncan and Michael E. Webber and published by DW Books. I was particularly struck by the chapters on the Future of the Freight Transportation Industry.

They identify “three major areas of change underway in our transportation sector. First, there is the cultural change in the way we own or use vehicles daily. Second, there are fundamental shifts in transportation technology. And finally, alternative fuels are capturing the fuel market.” Below please find some of their thoughts on Transportation Technology.

Electric Vehicles

Messrs. Duncan and Webber conclude that “the resurgence of the electric vehicle (EV) is strong today and electric cars seem destined to dominate our local transportation . . . A global coalition of countries has the aspirational goal of electric vehicles taking 30 percent of the market share by 2030. . . Cars, sedans, vans, and most trucks will be electrified in the coming decades . . . At the core of this transition is the relative efficiency of electric motors compared with internal combustion engines.”

In my previous blog (https://www.dantranscon.com/index.php/blog/entry/where-is-the-freight-transportation-industry-headed-in-2020), I outlined some of the forces shaping the freight transportation industry in 2020. This will likely be another year of upheaval.

In brief, the current “manufacturing recession” is restraining freight volumes. There will likely be a removal of a glut of fleet equipment. This coupled with the ELD compliance requirements in the US and Canada, and high insurance costs, may push out more poorly financed carriers. Political instability in the Middle East may drive up fuel costs. The maintenance of tariffs, even after the signing of the phase 1 China / US trade deal, will continue to drive up costs of supplies from China. This will likely make this a challenging year for shippers and carriers. It is very likely that shippers will face rising freight rates in 2020 to offset rising costs.

What can shippers do to restrain freight costs in 2020? Here are a few thoughts

1. Reevaluate your network and shipping practices

It is hard to believe that a decade has gone by since the Great Recession. Those of us in the Freight Transportation Industry at that time remember the sharp drop in business activity and freight volumes. This encouraged many shippers to conduct multiple freight bids during that period to use (abuse) their freight rate negotiating leverage to reduce their shipping costs. Carrier loyalty was sacrificed for freight cost savings.

One year ago, the tables were totally reversed. The introduction of electronic logging devices (ELDs) combined with an upswing in economic activity and a capacity shortage pushed freight rates to record levels. Carriers became very selective in allocating their capacity. Manufacturers and distributors were advised to become “Shippers of Choice.”

Carriers gave preference to shippers whose facilities were “driver friendly,” whose loads and paperwork were ready in a timely manner, who moved loads to preferred locations, and who paid top dollar. Shippers that wished to maintain consistent, reliable capacity and service were encouraged to establish “core carrier” programs at “carrier friendly” rates. They were told to pay the newly elevated rates to protect their supply chains.